文章总览
1、准备工作：删除旧包
2、下载安装包官网地址选择系统版本选择
3、安装MySQL8解压安装包安装数据库初始数据库启动数据库数据库状态数据库登录新密码修改
3、提示：①获取初始密码②重置密码规则③报错情况处理④启动失败⑤重置密码
1、准备工作：
删除旧包
rpm -e $(rpm -qa|grep mysql) --nodeps
rpm -qa|grep mariadb //查看是否自带mariadb
rpm -e packagename --nodeps //卸载包
2、下载安装包
官网地址
https
://dev
.mysql
.com
/downloads
/mysql
/
选择系统
Select Operating System:Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
Select OS Version:Red Hat Enterprise Linux7 / Oracle Linux7(x86,64-bit)
版本选择
## 下载软件
mkdir /usr/local/soft/mysql
cd /usr/local/soft/mysql
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
3、安装MySQL8
解压安装包
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@localhost soft]# ll
总用量 1630044
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 834560000 5月 31 09:16 mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 48822048 3月 27 20:14 mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 623508 3月 27 20:14 mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 8129988 3月 27 20:14 mysql-community-devel-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 23599996 3月 27 20:14 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 4667884 3月 27 20:14 mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 1277128 3月 27 20:14 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 512057468 3月 27 20:15 mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 235369940 3月 27 20:16 mysql-community-test-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
安装数据库
会提示依赖关系，按照提示依次安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
//net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64 需要
yum -y install net-tools mariadb-libs
//提示这个libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要
//官网下载
https://www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-LATEST/
//示例下载步骤一
wget http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster/5.5.37-25.10/RPM/rhel6/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-shared-55-5.5.37-25.10.756.el6.x86_64.rpm
//示例下载步骤一
rpm -ivh Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-shared-55-5.5.37-25.10.756.el6.x86_64.rpm
//启动失败请查看文章末尾提示
初始数据库
在/var/log/mysqld.log生成随机密码
sudo mysqld --initialize
启动数据库
sudo service mysqld start
数据库状态
[root@localhost soft]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2020-05-31 10:01:18 CST; 45min ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 15924 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 16003 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 40
Memory: 440.0M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─16003 /usr/sbin/mysqld
5月 31 10:01:08 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
5月 31 10:01:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
数据库登录
初始密码看提示1
mysql -u root -p
新密码修改
新密码设置需要符合提示2密码规则
mysqladmin -u root -p password "新密码"
3、提示：
①获取初始密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@localhost soft]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-05-31T01:58:34.017409Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: e;Z#OhD7j9A_
2020-05-31T02:01:12.440392Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: eIpSuF&ht8O.
②重置密码规则
MySQL8设置密码需要 大写+小写+数字+符号+八位以上
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |
| validate_password.dictionary_file | |
| validate_password.length | 8 |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password.number_count | 1 |
| validate_password.policy | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.06 sec)
③报错情况处理
查看日志，找到错误并修改
[root@localhost ~]# vi /var/log/mysqld.log
200423 13:19:58 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
200423 13:19:58 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
2020-04-23 13:19:58 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-04-23 13:19:58 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.47) starting as process 6677 ...
2020-04-23 13:19:58 6677 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2020-04-23 13:19:58 6677 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
④启动失败
//1、找到MySQL配置文件位置
mysql --help | grep my.cnf
//2、找到错误日志的位置
cat /ect/my.cnf
//3、查找错误日志，找到错误信息
cat /var/log/mysqld.log
⑤重置密码
1、免密码登陆
找到mysql配置文件:my.cnf，
在【mysqld】模块添加：skip-grant-tables 保存退出
2、使配置生效
重启mysql服务： service mysqld restart
3、将旧密码置空
mysql -u root -p //提示输入密码时直接敲回车。
//选择数据库
use mysql
//将密码置空
update user set authentication_string = '' where user = 'root';
//退出
quit
4、去除免密码登陆
删掉步骤1的语句 skip-grant-tables
重启服务 service mysqld restart
5、修改密码
mysql -u root -p //提示输入密码时直接敲回车，刚刚已经将密码置空了
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'abc123@xxx';//'abc123@xxx' 密码形式过于简单则会报错
ps：mysql5.7.6版本后 废弃user表中 password字段 和 password（）方法，所以旧方法重置密码对mysql8.0版本是行不通的，共勉
