1. JWT安装配置

1.1 安装JWT

pip install djangorestframework-jwt==1.11.0

1.2 syL/settings.py 配置jwt载荷中的有效期设置

# jwt载荷中的有效期设置 JWT_AUTH = { # 1.token前缀： headers中 Authorization 值的前缀 'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT', # 2.token有效期： 一天有效 'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1), # 3. 刷 新 token： 允 许 使 用 旧 的 token 换 新 token 'JWT_ALLOW_REFRESH': True, # 4.token 有 效 期 ： token 在 24 小 时 内 过 期 , 可 续 期 token 'JWT_REFRESH_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(hours=24), # 5.自定义JWT载荷信息： 自定义返回格式， 需要手工创建 'JWT_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD_HANDLER': 'user.utils.jwt_response_payload_handler', }

1.3 syl/settings.py jwt结合DRF进行认证权限配置

# 在DRF配置文件中开启认证和权限 REST_FRAMEWORK = { ... # 用户登陆认证方式 'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [ 'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication', DRF中配置JWT认证 # 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication', # 使用session时的认证器 # 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'# 提交表单时的认证器], # 权限配置, 顺序靠上的严格 'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [ # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser', #管理员可以访问 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated', #全局配置只有认证用户可以访问接口 # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly', #认证用户可以访问, 否则只能读取 # 'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny', #所有用户都可以访问 ], }

1.4 user/urls.py 增加获取token接口和刷新token接口

from django.urls import include, path from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token from user import views from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter, DefaultRouter from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token, refresh_jwt_token # 自动生成路由方法, 必须使用视图集 # router = SimpleRouter() # 没有根路由 /user/ 无法识别router = DefaultRouter() # 有根路由router.register(r'user', views.UserViewSet) urlpatterns = [ path('index/', views.index), # 函数视图path('login/', obtain_jwt_token), # 获取token， 登录视图path('refresh/', refresh_jwt_token), # 刷 新 token path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')), # 认证地址 ] urlpatterns += router.urls # 模块地址 # print(router.urls)

1.5 在urls/utils.py 中重写jwt_response_payload_handler

def jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user=None, request=None, role=None): """ 自定义jwt认证成功返回数据 :token 返回的jwt :user 当前登录的用户信息[对象] :request 当前本次客户端提交过来的数据 :role 角色 """ if user.first_name: name = user.first_name else: name = user.username return { 'authenticated': 'true', 'id': user.id, "role": role, 'name': name, 'username': user.username, 'email': user.email, 'token': token, }

2. postman测试接口

2.1 测试登录接口，获取token

'''自定义认证和权限优先级更高， 可以覆盖settings.py中的 ''' # 自定义权限类 permission_classes = (MyPermission,) # 自定义认证类, 自定义会覆盖全局配置 authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,)

2.2 使用获得的token获取所有用户信息

http://192.168.56.100:8888/user/user/

3. 源码分析

from rest_framework.views import APIView class JSONWebTokenAPIView(APIView): """ Base API View that various JWT interactions inherit from. """ permission_classes = () authentication_classes = () def get_serializer_context(self): """ Extra context provided to the serializer class. """ return { 'request': self.request, 'view': self, } def get_serializer_class(self): """ Return the class to use for the serializer. Defaults to using `self.serializer_class`. You may want to override this if you need to provide different serializations depending on the incoming request. (Eg. admins get full serialization, others get basic serialization) """ assert self.serializer_class is not None, ( "'%s' should either include a `serializer_class` attribute, " "or override the `get_serializer_class()` method." % self.__class____name__) return self.serializer_class def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs): """ Return the serializer instance that should be used for validating and deserializing input, and for serializing output. """ serializer_class = self.get_serializer_class() kwargs['context'] = self.get_serializer_context() return serializer_class(*args, **kwargs) def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data) if serializer.is_valid(): user = serializer.object.get('user') or request.user # User表对象 token = serializer.object.get('token') # 获取到生成的token response_data = jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user, request) response = Response(response_data) if api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE: expiration = (datetime.utcnow() +api_settings.JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA) response.set_cookie(api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE, token, expires=expiration, httponly=True) return response return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)