空间与运动

一. 简答并用程序验证【建议做】

1. 游戏对象运动的本质是什么？

游戏对象 position、scale、rotation 属性的变化。

请用三种方法以上方法，实现物体的抛物线运动。（如，修改Transform属性，使用向量Vector3的方法…）

修改 Transform public int speed = 2; void Update() { transform.position += new Vector3(Time.deltaTime * speed, -Time.deltaTime * speed * (2 * transform.position.x + Time.deltaTime * speed), 0); } 使用 Transform.translate public int speedX = 1; //单位时间内x方向的位移 public int speedY = 1; //单位时间内y方向的位移 public int t = 1; //时间 //Update函数每帧调用一次 void Update() { transform.Translate(Vector3.right * Time.deltaTime * xSpeed + Vector3.down * Time.deltaTime * ySpeed * Time.deltaTime * T); T++; } 使用 Vector3 public int speedX = 1; //单位时间内x方向的位移 public int speedY = 1; //单位时间内y方向的位移 public int t = 1; //时间 //Update函数每帧调用一次 void Update() { transform.position += Vector3.right * Time.deltaTime * speedX; transform.position += Vector3.down * Time.deltaTime * speedY* Time.deltaTime * t; t++; }

3. 写一个程序，实现一个完整的太阳系， 其他星球围绕太阳的转速必须不一样，且不在一个法平面上。

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class move : MonoBehaviour { public Transform Sun; public Transform Moon; public Transform Mercury;//水星 public Transform Venus;//金星 public Transform Earth;//地球 public Transform Mars;//火星 public Transform Jupiter;//木星 public Transform Saturn;//土星 public Transform Uranus;//天王星 public Transform Neptune;//海王星 // Use this for initialization void Start () { Sun.position = Vector3.zero; } // Update is called once per frame void Update () { Mercury.RotateAround (Sun.position, new Vector3(0, 5, 1), 60 * Time.deltaTime); Mercury.Rotate ( new Vector3(0, 5, 1) * 10000 / 58 * Time.deltaTime); Venus.RotateAround (Sun.position, new Vector3(0, 2, 1), 55 * Time.deltaTime); Venus.Rotate (new Vector3(0, 2, 1) * 10000/ 243 *Time.deltaTime); Earth.RotateAround (Sun.position, Vector3.up, 50 * Time.deltaTime); Earth.Rotate (Vector3.up * 30 * Time.deltaTime); Moon.transform.RotateAround (Earth.position, Vector3.up, 5 * Time.deltaTime); Mars.RotateAround (Sun.position, new Vector3(0, 12, 5), 45 * Time.deltaTime); Mars.Rotate (new Vector3(0, 12, 5) * 10000 * Time.deltaTime); Jupiter.RotateAround (Sun.position, new Vector3(0, 10, 3), 35 * Time.deltaTime); Jupiter.Rotate (new Vector3(0, 10, 3) * 10000/0.3f * Time.deltaTime); Saturn.RotateAround (Sun.position, new Vector3(0, 3, 1), 20 * Time.deltaTime); Saturn.Rotate (new Vector3(0, 3, 1) * 10000/0.4f * Time.deltaTime); Uranus.RotateAround (Sun.position, new Vector3(0, 10, 1), 15 * Time.deltaTime); Uranus.Rotate (new Vector3(0, 10, 1) * 10000/0.6f * Time.deltaTime); Neptune.RotateAround (Sun.position, new Vector3(0, 8, 1), 10 * Time.deltaTime); Neptune.Rotate (new Vector3(0, 8, 1) * 10000/0.7f * Time.deltaTime); } }

二. 编程实践

1. 阅读以下游戏脚本

Priests and Devils

Priests and Devils is a puzzle game in which you will help the Priests and Devils to cross the river within the time limit. There are 3 priests and 3 devils at one side of the river. They all want to get to the other side of this river, but there is only one boat and this boat can only carry two persons each time. And there must be one person steering the boat from one side to the other side. In the flash game, you can click on them to move them and click the go button to move the boat to the other direction. If the priests are out numbered by the devils on either side of the river, they get killed and the game is over. You can try it in many > ways. Keep all priests alive! Good luck!

程序需要满足的要求：

play the game ( http://www.flash-game.net/game/2535/priests-and-devils.html )列出游戏中提及的事物（Objects）用表格列出玩家动作表（规则表），注意，动作越少越好请将游戏中对象做成预制在场景控制器 LoadResources 方法中加载并初始化 长方形、正方形、球 及其色彩代表游戏中的对象。使用 C# 集合类型 有效组织对象整个游戏仅 主摄像机 和 一个 Empty 对象， 其他对象必须代码动态生成！！！ 。 整个游戏不许出现 Find 游戏对象， SendMessage 这类突破程序结构的 通讯耦合 语句。 违背本条准则，不给分请使用课件架构图编程，不接受非 MVC 结构程序注意细节，例如：船未靠岸，牧师与魔鬼上下船运动中，均不能接受用户事件！

玩家规则表

动作游戏状态结果点击左侧岸上的角色角色在岸上，船在左岸，船有空位角色上船点击船船上有人船移动到对岸点击左侧岸上的角色角色在船上，船在右岸角色上岸/任意一岸的恶魔大于牧师且牧师数量不为0游戏失败/右侧岸上有三个牧师游戏胜利/时间超过60s游戏失败

代码结构

游戏对象实现做成预制

MVC结构

代码：

Models

Models存储游戏对象的各种数据，只携带初始化函数，每个可能会变更数据的model都分配了一个controller。

（1）RoleModel.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class RoleModel{ public GameObject role; //角色 public bool isPriest; //牧师或恶魔 public bool isRight; //左侧或右侧 public bool isInBoat; //船上或岸上 public int tag; //标记对象 public RoleModel(Vector3 position, bool isPriest, int tag) { this.isPriest = isPriest; isRight = false; isInBoat = false; this.tag = tag; role = GameObject.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/"+(isPriest?"priest":"devil"), typeof(GameObject))) as GameObject; role.transform.localScale = new Vector3(1,1,1); role.transform.position = position; role.name = "role" + tag; role.AddComponent<Click>(); role.AddComponent<BoxCollider>(); } }

（2）LandModel.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class LandModel { public GameObject land; //岸 public int priestNum, devilNum; //岸上牧师与恶魔的数量 public LandModel(string name, Vector3 position) { priestNum = devilNum = 0; land = GameObject.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/land", typeof(GameObject))) as GameObject; land.name = name; land.transform.position = position; land.transform.localScale = new Vector3(13,5,3); } }

（3）BoatModel.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class BoatModel { public GameObject boat; //船 public bool isRight; //左侧还是右侧 public int priestNum, devilNum; //船上牧师与恶魔的数量 public RoleModel[] roles; //船上的角色的指针 public BoatModel(Vector3 position) { priestNum = devilNum = 0; roles = new RoleModel[2]; boat = GameObject.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/boat", typeof(GameObject))) as GameObject; boat.name = "boat"; boat.transform.position = position; boat.transform.localScale = new Vector3(4, (float)1.5, 3); boat.AddComponent<BoxCollider>(); boat.AddComponent<Click>(); isRight = false; } }

（4）RiverModel.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class RiverModel { private GameObject river; //河流 public RiverModel(Vector3 position) { river = Object.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/river", typeof(GameObject))) as GameObject; river.name = "river"; river.transform.position = position; river.transform.localScale = new Vector3(15, 2, 3); } }

（5）PositionModel

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class PositionModel { public static Vector3 right_land = new Vector3(15, -4, 0); //右岸位置 public static Vector3 left_land = new Vector3(-13, -4, 0); //左岸位置 public static Vector3 river = new Vector3(1, -(float)5.5, 0); //河流位置 public static Vector3 right_boat = new Vector3(7, -(float)3.8, 0); //船在右边的位置 public static Vector3 left_boat = new Vector3(-5, -(float)3.8, 0); //船在左边的位置 //角色在岸上的相对位置 public static Vector3[] roles = new Vector3[]{new Vector3((float)-0.2, (float)0.7, 0) ,new Vector3((float)-0.1, (float)0.7,0), new Vector3(0, (float)0.7,0),new Vector3((float)0.1, (float)0.7,0),new Vector3((float)0.2, (float)0.7,0),new Vector3((float)0.3, (float)0.7,0)}; //角色在船上的相对位置 public static Vector3[] boatRoles = new Vector3[] { new Vector3((float)-0.1, (float)1.2, 0), new Vector3((float)0.2, (float)1.2, 0) }; }

（6）click.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class Click : MonoBehaviour { ClickAction clickAction; public void setClickAction(ClickAction clickAction) { this.clickAction = clickAction; } void OnMouseDown() { clickAction.DealClick(); } }

（7）clickAction.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public interface ClickAction { void DealClick(); }

Controllers

Controllers实现游戏的主要逻辑和所有的功能函数，读取修改Models和Views当中的数据。

（1）RoleModelControllers.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class RoleModelController :ClickAction { RoleModel roleModel; IUserAction userAction; //处理RoleModel的事件，实现ClickAction的接口，携带IUserAction的接口成员 public RoleModelController() { userAction = SSDirector.GetInstance().CurrentSenceController as IUserAction; } //创建或者初始化RoleModel public void CreateRole(Vector3 position, bool isPriest, int tag) { if (roleModel != null) Object.DestroyImmediate(roleModel.role); roleModel = new RoleModel(position, isPriest, tag); roleModel.role.GetComponent<Click>().setClickAction(this); } //返回controller管理的RoleModel public RoleModel GetRoleModel() { return roleModel; } //处理RoleModel的点击事件 public void DealClick() { userAction.MoveRole(roleModel); } }

（2）BoatController.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class BoatController : ClickAction { BoatModel boatModel; IUserAction userAction; //处理有关Boat的事件，实现ClickAction的接口，携带IUserAction的接口成员 public BoatController() { userAction = SSDirector.GetInstance().CurrentSenceController as IUserAction; } //创建或者初始化BoatModel public void CreateBoat(Vector3 position) { if (boatModel != null) Object.DestroyImmediate(boatModel.boat); boatModel = new BoatModel(position); boatModel.boat.GetComponent<Click>().setClickAction(this); } //返回所管理的BoatModel public BoatModel GetBoatModel() { return boatModel; } //处理人物上船的一些数据变动 public Vector3 AddRole(RoleModel roleModel) { //判断船上的两个位置是否为空 if (boatModel.roles[0] == null) { boatModel.roles[0] = roleModel; roleModel.isInBoat = true; roleModel.role.transform.parent = boatModel.boat.transform; if (roleModel.isPriest) boatModel.priestNum++; else boatModel.devilNum++; return PositionModel.boatRoles[0]; } if (boatModel.roles[1] == null) { boatModel.roles[1] = roleModel; roleModel.isInBoat = true; roleModel.role.transform.parent = boatModel.boat.transform; if (roleModel.isPriest) boatModel.priestNum++; else boatModel.devilNum++; return PositionModel.boatRoles[1]; } return roleModel.role.transform.localPosition; } //将角色从船上移除 public void RemoveRole(RoleModel roleModel) { //判断穿上的两个位置当中有没有要移除的角色 if (boatModel.roles[0] == roleModel) { boatModel.roles[0] = null; if (roleModel.isPriest) boatModel.priestNum--; else boatModel.devilNum--; } if (boatModel.roles[1] == roleModel) { boatModel.roles[1] = null; if (roleModel.isPriest) boatModel.priestNum--; else boatModel.devilNum--; } } //点击船 public void DealClick() { if (boatModel.roles[0] != null || boatModel.roles[1] != null) userAction.MoveBoat(); } }

（3）LandModelController.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class LandModelController { private LandModel landModel; public void CreateLand(string name, Vector3 position) { if (landModel==null) landModel = new LandModel(name, position); landModel.priestNum = landModel.devilNum = 0; } public LandModel GetLandModel() { return landModel; } //将人物添加到岸上，返回角色在岸上的相对坐标 public Vector3 AddRole(RoleModel roleModel) { if (roleModel.isPriest) landModel.priestNum++; else landModel.devilNum++; roleModel.role.transform.parent = landModel.land.transform; roleModel.isInBoat = false; return PositionModel.roles[roleModel.tag]; } //将角色从岸上移除 public void RemoveRole(RoleModel roleModel) { if (roleModel.isPriest) landModel.priestNum--; else landModel.devilNum--; } }

（4）Move.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class Move : MonoBehaviour { public bool isMoving = false; //判断当前对象是否在移动 public float speed = 5; //移动速度 public Vector3 destination; //目的地 public Vector3 mid_destination; //中转地址 //为了避免穿模现象，为移动设置了一个中转地址，通过对象x,y坐标与中转地址的x,y坐标的关系来判断该往哪移动。 void Update() { //已到达目的地，不进行移动 if (transform.localPosition == destination) { isMoving = false; return; } isMoving = true; if (transform.localPosition.x != destination.x && transform.localPosition.y != destination.y) { //还未到达中转地址，向中转地址移动 transform.localPosition = Vector3.MoveTowards(transform.localPosition, mid_destination, speed * Time.deltaTime); } else { //以到达中转地址，向目的地移动 transform.localPosition = Vector3.MoveTowards(transform.localPosition, destination, speed * Time.deltaTime); } } }

（5）MoveController.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; //控制游戏的移动事件 public class MoveController { private GameObject moveObject; //移动对象 //判断当前是否在移动，返回当前是否在移动的状态(有物体在移动时，外部不允许其他操作) public bool GetIsMoving() { return (moveObject != null && moveObject.GetComponent<Move>().isMoving); } //设置新的移动 public void SetMove(Vector3 destination, GameObject moveObject) { //判断新的对象是否已携带Move脚本,若不携带，则为其添加 Move test; this.moveObject = moveObject; if (!moveObject.TryGetComponent<Move>(out test)) moveObject.AddComponent<Move>(); //设置目的地 this.moveObject.GetComponent<Move>().destination = destination; //设置中转地址 if (this.moveObject.transform.localPosition.y > destination.y) this.moveObject.GetComponent<Move>().mid_destination = new Vector3(destination.x, this.moveObject.transform.localPosition.y, destination.z); else this.moveObject.GetComponent<Move>().mid_destination = new Vector3(this.moveObject.transform.localPosition.x, destination.y, this.moveObject.transform.localPosition.z); } }

（6）ISceneController.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; //场景控制器接口 public interface ISceneController { void LoadResources(); }

（7）SSDirector.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; //获得主控制器 public class SSDirector : System.Object { private static SSDirector _instance; public ISceneController CurrentSenceController { get; set; } public static SSDirector GetInstance() { if (_instance == null) { _instance = new SSDirector(); } return _instance; } }

（8）IUserAction.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; //用户交互接口 public interface IUserAction { void MoveBoat(); void MoveRole(RoleModel roleModel); void Restart(); void Check(); }

（9）moveCamera.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class MoveCamera : MonoBehaviour { //调整了主摄像机的位置 void Start() { transform.position = new Vector3((float)1.11,1, (float)-18.32); } }

（10）FirstController.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; //主控制器，负责游戏主要运行逻辑以及协调各控制器之间的工作 public class FirstController : MonoBehaviour, ISceneController, IUserAction { private LandModelController rightLandRoleController; //右岸控制器 private LandModelController leftLandRoleController; //左岸控制器 private RoleModelController[] roleModelControllers; //人物控制器集合 private MoveController moveController; //移动控制器 private bool isRuning; //游戏进行状态 private float time; //游戏进行时间 private RiverModel riverModel; //河流Model private BoatController boatRoleController; //船控制器 //导入资源 public void LoadResources() { //初始化 roleModelControllers = new RoleModelController[6]; for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { roleModelControllers[i] = new RoleModelController(); roleModelControllers[i].CreateRole(PositionModel.roles[i], i < 3 ? true : false, i); } leftLandRoleController = new LandModelController(); leftLandRoleController.CreateLand("left_land", PositionModel.left_land); rightLandRoleController = new LandModelController(); rightLandRoleController.CreateLand("right_land", PositionModel.right_land); foreach (RoleModelController roleModelController in roleModelControllers) { roleModelController.GetRoleModel().role.transform.localPosition = leftLandRoleController.AddRole(roleModelController.GetRoleModel()); } riverModel = new RiverModel(PositionModel.river); boatRoleController = new BoatController(); boatRoleController.CreateBoat(PositionModel.left_boat); moveController = new MoveController(); isRuning = true; time = 60; } //移动船,首先判断是否可以移动，以及船在哪一侧，接着将船移向相反的位置。 public void MoveBoat() { if ((!isRuning) || moveController.GetIsMoving()) return; if (boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight) moveController.SetMove(PositionModel.left_boat, boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().boat); else moveController.SetMove(PositionModel.right_boat, boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().boat); boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight = !boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight; } //移动人物，判断当前游戏是否在进行，同时是否有对象正在移动，然后判断人在船上还是岸上，再移动 public void MoveRole(RoleModel roleModel) { // if ((!isRuning) || moveController.GetIsMoving()) return; if (roleModel.isInBoat) { if (boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight) moveController.SetMove(rightLandRoleController.AddRole(roleModel), roleModel.role); else moveController.SetMove(leftLandRoleController.AddRole(roleModel), roleModel.role); roleModel.isRight = boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight; boatRoleController.RemoveRole(roleModel); } else { if (boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight == roleModel.isRight) { if (roleModel.isRight) { rightLandRoleController.RemoveRole(roleModel); } else { leftLandRoleController.RemoveRole(roleModel); } moveController.SetMove(boatRoleController.AddRole(roleModel), roleModel.role); } } } //游戏重置 public void Restart() { time = 60; leftLandRoleController.CreateLand("left_land", PositionModel.left_land); rightLandRoleController.CreateLand("right_land", PositionModel.right_land); for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { roleModelControllers[i].CreateRole(PositionModel.roles[i], i < 3 ? true : false, i); roleModelControllers[i].GetRoleModel().role.transform.localPosition = leftLandRoleController.AddRole(roleModelControllers[i].GetRoleModel()); } boatRoleController.CreateBoat(PositionModel.left_boat); isRuning = true; } //检测游戏状态 public void Check() { if (!isRuning) return; this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().gameMessage = ""; //判断是否已经胜利 if (rightLandRoleController.GetLandModel().priestNum == 3) { this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().gameMessage = "You Win!"; isRuning = false; } else { /*判断是否已经失败 若任意一侧，牧师数量不为0且牧师数量少于恶魔数量，则游戏失败 */ int leftPriestNum, leftDevilNum, rightPriestNum, rightDevilNum; leftPriestNum = leftLandRoleController.GetLandModel().priestNum + (boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight ? 0 : boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().priestNum); leftDevilNum = leftLandRoleController.GetLandModel().devilNum + (boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight ? 0 : boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().devilNum); if (leftPriestNum != 0 && leftPriestNum < leftDevilNum) { this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().gameMessage = "Game Over!"; isRuning = false; } rightPriestNum = rightLandRoleController.GetLandModel().priestNum + (boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight ? boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().priestNum : 0); rightDevilNum = rightLandRoleController.GetLandModel().devilNum + (boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().isRight ? boatRoleController.GetBoatModel().devilNum : 0); if (rightPriestNum != 0 && rightPriestNum < rightDevilNum) { this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().gameMessage = "Game Over!"; isRuning = false; } } } void Awake() { SSDirector.GetInstance().CurrentSenceController = this; LoadResources(); this.gameObject.AddComponent<UserGUI>(); } void Update() { if (isRuning) { time -= Time.deltaTime; this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().time = (int)time; if (time <= 0) { this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().time = 0; this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().gameMessage = "Game Over!"; isRuning = false; } } } }

Views

UserGUI.cs

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; //设置UI和接收用户交互 public class UserGUI : MonoBehaviour { private IUserAction userAction; public string gameMessage; public int time; void Start() { time = 60; userAction = SSDirector.GetInstance().CurrentSenceController as IUserAction; } void OnGUI() { userAction.Check(); //小字体初始化 GUIStyle style = new GUIStyle(); style.normal.textColor = Color.white; style.fontSize = 30; //大字体初始化 GUIStyle bigStyle = new GUIStyle(); bigStyle.normal.textColor = Color.white; bigStyle.fontSize = 50; GUI.Label(new Rect(200, 30, 50, 200), "Priests & Devils", bigStyle); GUI.Label(new Rect(320, 100, 50, 200), gameMessage, style); GUI.Label(new Rect(0, 0, 100, 50), "Time: " + time, style); if(GUI.Button(new Rect(340, 160, 100, 50), "Restart")) { userAction.Restart(); } } }