1、控制器抛出异常：
@RequestMapping("/test") public String test() throws Exception { int i = 1/0; return "success"; }
2、编写异常处理器(ExceptionHandler)：
public class ExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver { @Override public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) { ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(); mv.setViewName("error"); return mv; } }
3、在SpringMVC的配置文件中注册异常处理器(ExceptionHandler)：
<bean class="cn.liuxingchang.exception.ExceptionHandler" id="exceptionHandler"></bean>
4、异常就可以被异常处理器(ExceptionHandler)处理，并给用户返回自定义的错误页面error.jsp。
最后附上源码：
项目结构：
pom.xml的内容：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.example</groupId> <artifactId>P060_error-page_a-simple-eg</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>P060_error-page_a-simple-eg Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>6.0.36</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>P060_error-page_a-simple-eg</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
web.xml的内容：
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--关联springmvc.xml，让其中的配置生效！--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
springmvc.xml的内容：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--开启对Spring MVC注解的支持--> <mvc:component-scan base-package="cn.liuxingchang.controller"></mvc:component-scan> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="viewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> <bean class="cn.liuxingchang.exception.ExceptionHandler" id="exceptionHandler"></bean> </beans>
index.jsp的内容：
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <body> <a href="test?name=Tom">test</a> </body> </html>
success.jsp的内容：
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h3>success</h3> </body> </html>
error.jsp的内容：
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h3>不好意思，今天休息~</h3> </body> </html>
ExceptionHandler.java的内容：
package cn.liuxingchang.exception; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class ExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver { @Override public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) { ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(); mv.setViewName("error"); return mv; } }
HelloController.java的内容：
package cn.liuxingchang.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class HelloController { @RequestMapping("/test") public String test() throws Exception { int i = 1/0; return "success"; } }
