0.7-OpenCvSharp4 形态学操作

0.7 OpenCvSharp4 形态学操作

开操作 Open 开操作：先腐蚀后膨胀，假设背景是黑色，对象是前景色，可以去除较小的对象。闭操作 Close 闭运算：先膨胀后腐蚀。假设背景是黑色，对象是前景色，可以填充小洞。形态学梯度 Gradient 形态学梯度：膨胀减腐蚀,又称为基本梯度。目的：突出高亮区域的外围，为轮廓查找提供新思路。顶帽 TopHat 顶帽：原图与开操作的差值图。黑帽 BlackHat 黑帽：闭操作与原图的差值图。 // // 摘要: // Performs advanced morphological transformations 形态变换 // // 参数: // src: // Source image // // dst: // Destination image. It will have the same size and the same type as src // // op: // Type of morphological operation 形态运算类型 open、close etc // // element: // Structuring element 结构元素 // // anchor: // Position of the anchor within the element. The default value (-1, -1) means that // the anchor is at the element center // // iterations: 迭代次数 // Number of times erosion and dilation are applied. [By default this is 1] // // borderType: // The pixel extrapolation method. [By default this is BorderType.Constant] // // borderValue: // The border value in case of a constant border. The default value has a special // meaning. [By default this is CvCpp.MorphologyDefaultBorderValue()] public static void MorphologyEx(InputArray src, OutputArray dst, MorphTypes op, [NullableAttribute(2)] InputArray? element, Point? anchor = null, int iterations = 1, BorderTypes borderType = BorderTypes.Constant, Scalar? borderValue = null); //GetStructuringElement它是用来决定操作的性质 // 摘要: // Returns a structuring element of the specified size and shape for morphological 返回形态学的指定大小和形状的结构化元素 // operations. The function constructs and returns the structuring element that // can be further passed to erode, dilate or morphologyEx.But you can also construct // an arbitrary binary mask yourself and use it as the structuring element. // // 参数: // shape: // Element shape that could be one of MorphShapes 元素MorphShapes类型 //矩形：MorphShapes.Rect;交叉形：MorphShapes.Cross; 椭形：MorphShapes.Ellipse; // ksize: // Size of the structuring element. 结构元素大小 public static Mat GetStructuringElement(MorphShapes shape, Size ksize);

实现代码

//开运算 OpenCvSharp.Size size = new OpenCvSharp.Size(3, 3); Mat kerenl = Cv2.GetStructuringElement(MorphShapes.Rect,size); Cv2.MorphologyEx(s2,dst,MorphTypes.Open,kerenl); //开运算 Cv2.MorphologyEx(s2,dst,MorphTypes.Close,kerenl); //闭运算 Cv2.MorphologyEx(s2,dst,MorphTypes.Gradient,kerenl);//形态学梯度 Cv2.MorphologyEx(s2,dst,MorphTypes.TopHat,kerenl);//顶帽 Cv2.MorphologyEx(s2,dst,MorphTypes.BlackHat,kerenl);//黑帽

形态学操作提取水平和垂直直线 步骤：

将输入的彩色图像转换为灰度图像将灰度图像转换为二值图像定义结构元素，开操作：先腐蚀后膨胀，提取水平和垂直直线。 Mat s3 = Cv2.ImRead("D:\\OpenCV\\Topencv\\CsharpOpenCv\\CsharpOpenCv\\2.png"); Mat gray3 = new Mat(s3.Size(),s3.Type()) ; Mat binImage = new Mat(s3.Size(),s3.Type()); Cv2.CvtColor(s3,gray3,ColorConversionCodes.BGR2GRAY);//灰度图像 Cv2.AdaptiveThreshold(gray3,binImage,255,AdaptiveThresholdTypes.MeanC,ThresholdTypes.Binary,15,-2);//二值图像 OpenCvSharp.Size hsize = new OpenCvSharp.Size(s3.Cols / 16, 1); OpenCvSharp.Size vsize = new OpenCvSharp.Size(1, s3.Rows/16); Mat hline = Cv2.GetStructuringElement(MorphShapes.Rect,hsize); Mat vline = Cv2.GetStructuringElement(MorphShapes.Rect,vsize); Mat tmp = new Mat(s3.Size(),s3.Type()); Mat dst = new Mat(s3.Size(),s3.Type()); Cv2.Erode(binImage,tmp,hline); Cv2.Dilate(tmp,dst,hline);