1.应用场景
主要用于了解php header的用法.
设置响应头, 浏览器的响应方式.
2.学习/操作
1. 跳转页面 header('Location:'.$url); //Location和":"之间无空格。
2. 声明content-type header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8');
3. 返回response状态码 header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found');
4. 在某个时间后执行跳转 header('Refresh: 10; url=http://www.baidu.com/'); //10s后跳转。
5. 控制浏览器缓存 header("Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT"); header("Last-Modified: " . gmdate("D, d M Y H:i:s") . "GMT"); header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); header("Pragma: no-cache");
6. 执行http验证 header('HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized'); header('WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Top Secret"');
7. 执行下载操作 header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream'); //设置内容类型 header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="example.zip"'); //设置MIME用户作为附件 header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary'); //设置传输方式 header('Content-Length: '.filesize('example.zip')); //设置内容长度
8. 设置cookie以及如samesite属性等
if (PHP_VERSION_ID < 70300) { setcookie('samesite-test', '1', 0, '/; samesite=strict'); } else { header('Set-Cookie: samesite-test=1; path=/; samesite=strict'); }
截图:
代码封装
/** * Support samesite cookie flag in both php 7.2 (current production) and php >= 7.3 (when we get there) * From: https://github.com/GoogleChromeLabs/samesite-examples/blob/master/php.md and https://stackoverflow.com/a/46971326/2308553 * * @see https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.setcookie.php * * @param string $name * @param string $value * @param int $expire * @param string $path * @param string $domain * @param bool $secure * @param bool $httponly * @param string $samesite * @return void */ function setCookieSameSite( string $name, string $value, int $expire, string $path, string $domain, bool $secure, bool $httponly, string $samesite = 'None' ): void { if (PHP_VERSION_ID < 70300) { setcookie($name, $value, $expire, $path . '; samesite=' . $samesite, $domain, $secure, $httponly); return; } setcookie($name, $value, [ 'expires' => $expire, 'path' => $path, 'domain' => $domain, 'samesite' => $samesite, 'secure' => $secure, 'httponly' => $httponly, ]); }
后续补充
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3.问题/补充
1.为什么PHP无法输出特殊字符？
TBD
2.Header 中content-type的值设置
https://mp.csdn.net/editor/html/100046672 // PHP - 如何下载服务器上的文件
4.参考
https://www.php.cn/php-weizijiaocheng-394656.html //PHP - header()的7种用法
https://mp.csdn.net/editor/html/100046672 // PHP - 如何下载服务器上的文件
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39750906/php-setcookie-samesite-strict // PHP setcookie “SameSite=Strict”?
后续补充
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