《OpenShift 4.x HOL教程汇总》
文章目录
常规操作查看CoreOS操作系统信息查看网络配置修改IPDocker 环境podman
使用toolbox什么是toolbox安装toolbox容器软件安装文件操作
参考
常规操作
查看CoreOS操作系统信息
[core@tutorial ~
]$
cat /etc/redhat-release
Fedora release 32
(Thirty Two
)
[core@tutorial ~
]$
cat /etc/os-release
NAME
=Fedora
VERSION
="32.20200923.3.0 (CoreOS)"
ID
=fedora
VERSION_ID
=32
VERSION_CODENAME
=""
PLATFORM_ID
="platform:f32"
PRETTY_NAME
="Fedora CoreOS 32.20200923.3.0"
ANSI_COLOR
="0;34"
LOGO
=fedora-logo-icon
CPE_NAME
="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:32"
HOME_URL
="https://getfedora.org/coreos/"
DOCUMENTATION_URL
="https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-coreos/"
SUPPORT_URL
="https://github.com/coreos/fedora-coreos-tracker/"
BUG_REPORT_URL
="https://github.com/coreos/fedora-coreos-tracker/"
REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT
="Fedora"
REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION
=32
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT
="Fedora"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION
=32
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL
="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal:PrivacyPolicy"
VARIANT
="CoreOS"
VARIANT_ID
=coreos
OSTREE_VERSION
='32.20200923.3.0'
查看网络配置
[core@tutorial ~
]$ nmcli con show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
Wired Connection e1fb8b00-3905-4e08-aecb-fdd212690515 ethernet enp0s3
$ ll /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
total 0
修改IP
执行命令
$ ip a
| grep 192.168.1
inet 192.168.1.18/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s3
$ nmcli connection show
'Wired Connection' | grep ipv4.addresses
ipv4.addresses: 192.168.1.18/24
$
sudo nmcli connection mod
'Wired Connection' \
ipv4.method manual \
ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.20/24 \
ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 \
ipv4.dns 192.168.1.1 \
connection.autoconnect
yes
$ nmcli connection show
'Wired Connection' | grep ipv4.addresses
ipv4.addresses: 192.168.1.18/24
重启后验证
$ nmcli connection show
'Wired Connection' | grep ipv4.addresses
ipv4.addresses: 192.168.1.20/24
Docker 环境
启动docker环境
$ systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded
(/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
; disabled
; vendor preset: disabled
)
Active: inactive
(dead
)
TriggeredBy: ● docker.socket
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
$
sudo systemctl start docker
$ systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded
(/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
; disabled
; vendor preset: disabled
)
Active: active
(running
) since Wed 2020-10-07 03:50:03 UTC
; 3s ago
TriggeredBy: ● docker.socket
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 2398
(dockerd
)
Tasks: 16
(limit: 1076
)
Memory: 175.1M
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
├─2398 /usr/bin/dockerd --host
=fd:// --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver
=systemd --selinux-enabled --log-driver
=journald --storage-driver
=overlay2 --live-restore --d
>
└─2403 containerd --config /var/run/docker/containerd/containerd.toml --log-level info
运行容器
$
sudo docker run -it busybox
Unable to
find image
'busybox:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
df8698476c65: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:d366a4665ab44f0648d7a00ae3fae139d55e32f9712c67accd604bb55df9d05a
Status: Downloaded newer image
for busybox:latest
/
c970dc6c1f75
/
$
sudo docker image
ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
busybox latest 6858809bf669 4 weeks ago 1.23MB
podman
运行容器
$ podman run -it busybox
Trying to pull registry.fedoraproject.org/busybox
...
manifest unknown: manifest unknown
Trying to pull registry.access.redhat.com/busybox
...
name unknown: Repo not found
Trying to pull registry.centos.org/busybox
...
manifest unknown: manifest unknown
Trying to pull docker.io/library/busybox
...
Getting image
source signatures
Copying blob df8698476c65
done
Copying config 6858809bf6
done
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
/
$ podman images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/library/busybox latest 6858809bf669 4 weeks ago 1.45 MB
使用toolbox
什么是toolbox
在CoreOS中只提供了最基础的系统级命令，其它功能都建议通过Container运行，而不是直接安装运行在CoreOS系统中。为此CoreOS提供了名为toolbox的命令，它会根据CoreOS环境参数（通常）下载并运行对应的toolbox容器镜像（RedHat CoreOS和Fedora CoreOS的默认toolbox镜像不同）。toolbox容器在运行起来后会自动将宿主CoreOS的分区挂载到toolbox容器中，这样我们就可以在toolbox容器中访问宿主CoreOS的目录和文件了。我们可以在toolbox容器中使用yum安装CoreOS中没有的命令或工具，以提高可操作性。
安装toolbox容器
CoreOS缺省提供了toolbox命令，但是没包括toolbox对应的容器。在第一次运行toolbox命令的时候，CoreOS会自动下载由缺省参数指定的toolbox容器镜像。
在CoreOS中创建toolbox环境，然后通过命令进入toolbox容器。
[core@tutorial ~
]$ /bin/toolbox create
Image required to create toolbox container.
Download registry.fedoraproject.org/f32/fedora-toolbox:32
(500MB
)?
[y/N
]: y
Created container: fedora-toolbox-32
Enter with: toolbox enter
[core@tutorial ~
]$ toolbox enter
/usr/bin/id: cannot
find name
for group ID 1000
Welcome to the Toolbox
; a container where you can
install and run
all your tools.
-- Use DNF
in the usual manner to
install command line tools.
-- To create a new tools container, run
'toolbox create'.
For
more information, see the documentation.
软件安装
安装wget工具。
⬢
[core@toolbox tmp
]$
sudo yum
install -y
wget
We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:
Fedora 32 openh264
(From Cisco
) - x86_64 903 B/s
| 2.5 kB 00:02
Fedora Modular 32 - x86_64 1.1 MB/s
| 4.9 MB 00:04
Fedora Modular 32 - x86_64 - Updates 1.3 MB/s
| 3.7 MB 00:02
Fedora 32 - x86_64 - Updates 13 kB/s
| 26 MB 33:42
Fedora 32 - x86_64 1.1 MB/s
| 70 MB 01:01
Package wget-1.20.3-4.fc32.x86_64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete
!
使用wget下载文件。
⬢
[core@toolbox tmp
]$
wget http://www.baidu.com
文件操作
在toolbox 中查看文件系统，确认CoreOS宿主机的目录是挂载到toolbox容器中的“/run/host”目录下，例如下面的“/run/host/tmp”、“/run/host/var”等。
⬢
[core@toolbox ~
]$
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
fuse-overlayfs 3.1G 696M 2.2G 24% /
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
devtmpfs 448M 0 448M 0% /dev
tmpfs 487M 84K 487M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 98M 76K 98M 1% /etc/hostname
tmpfs 487M 6.8M 481M 2% /run/media
/dev/sda4 4.4G 1.9G 2.5G 43% /run/host/etc
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /run/host/tmp
/dev/sda5 3.1G 696M 2.2G 24% /run/host/var
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /tmp
在/run/host/tmp中创建一个test文件。
⬢
[core@toolbox ~
]$
echo aaa
> /run/host/tmp/test
从toolbox容器中退出来，查看CoreOS的/tmp目录，确认有在toolbox中创建的test文件。
⬢
[core@toolbox ~
]$
exit
logout
[core@tutorial ~
]$
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 448M 0 448M 0% /dev
tmpfs 487M 84K 487M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 487M 6.8M 481M 2% /run
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda4 4.4G 1.9G 2.5G 43% /sysroot
tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /tmp
/dev/sda5 3.1G 696M 2.2G 24% /var
/dev/sda1 364M 169M 173M 50% /boot
/dev/sda2 127M 8.5M 119M 7% /boot/efi
tmpfs 98M 68K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
[core@tutorial tmp
]$
cat /tmp/test
aaa
参考
https://www.katacoda.com/courses/coreos/playground
