记录自己搭建Ubuntu18.04 Server的全部过程，有不足之处请见谅！！！
本文做出以下假设：
您已熟悉Linux操作系统您拥有(或能够独立创建)一台Ubuntu Server本文采用Vmware 虚拟机创建Ubuntu 18.04 Server
镜像获取：Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS (Bionic Beaver)Vmware：VMware15.5SecureCRT：SecureCRT搭建Ubuntu18.04 Server 教程：VMware 安装 Ubuntu Server 18.04.5 LTS
设置root密码：sudo passwd root
更改镜像源：
备份源配置文件： sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
在源配置文件前添加阿里云镜像源配置 : sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse执行更新命令 : sudo apt-get clean 、sudo apt-get update
查看Java、Python、MySql、Tomcat、nginx、SqlServer环境
Java: java -versionPython: python 或 python3MySql：mysql -versionTomcat：{待补充}nginx：{待补充}SqlServer：{待补充}安装Mysql：
apt-get install mysql-server apt-get install mysql-client检测安装是否成功：mysql
修改bind-address（允许远程主机访问）： vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
[mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql skip-external-locking # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. # bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # 注释掉绑定的ip地址mysql -u root -p123456 默认安装的话密码是任何字符都可以，也就是没有密码。
修改默认编码格式：vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
更改前编码： mysql> STATUS -------------- mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.31, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper Connection id: 6 Current database: Current user: root@localhost SSL: Not in use Current pager: stdout Using outfile: '' Using delimiter: ; Server version: 5.7.31-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu) Protocol version: 10 Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket Server characterset: latin1 # Db characterset: latin1 # 默认编码，需要修改为utf-8 Client characterset: utf8 Conn. characterset: utf8 UNIX socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock Uptime: 26 min 3 sec Threads: 1 Questions: 15 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 105 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 98 Queries per second avg: 0.009 -------------- mysql> 更改：root@ubuntu:vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql skip-external-locking character-set-server=utf8 # 添加该句 # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. # bind-address = 127.0.0.1 重启服务，更改后编码： mysql> STATUS -------------- mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.31, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper Connection id: 2 Current database: Current user: root@localhost SSL: Not in use Current pager: stdout Using outfile: '' Using delimiter: ; Server version: 5.7.31-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu) Protocol version: 10 Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket Server characterset: utf8 Db characterset: utf8 Client characterset: utf8 Conn. characterset: utf8 UNIX socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock Uptime: 5 sec Threads: 1 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 105 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 98 Queries per second avg: 1.000 -------------- mysql>授权远程登录：
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)进行远程连接: 使用Navicat进行连接，如果不能连接；请百度开放Ubuntu的3306端口。
修改MySql用户密码：{待补充}
安装JDK
#上传jdk到/export/software路径下去，井解压 tar -zxvf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /export/servers/ mv jdk1.8.0_161 jdk配置JDK环境变量
vi /etc/profile 添加以下内容： export JAVA_HOME=/export/servers/jdk export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar 修改完成之后记得source /etc/profle生效 source /etc/profileJDK环境验证
java -version检测python3、pip3：python3、pip3 install numpy
安装python3、pip3：apt-get install python3、apt-get install python3-pip
安装conda环境：官网
选择合适的Anaconda版本地址：https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2020.07-Linux-x86_64.sh
下载安装包：
cd /export/software/ wget https://repo.continuum.io/archive/Anaconda3-4.4.0-Linux-x86_64.sh bash Anaconda3-4.4.0-Linux-x86_64.sh一路回车；
修改环境变量：
vi ~/.bashrc在bashrc文件的最后添加：export PATH="/home/用户名/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"。（vi编辑器中按i进入编辑模式）
如：export PATH="/root/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
更新 .bashrc 使得环境变量生效： source ~/.bashrc
conda管理python环境：
环境管理：
下载Tomcat 9.0.38:
wget https://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.38/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.38.tar.gz解压到指定目录：tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.38.tar.gz -C /export/servers/
重命名文件名：mv apache-tomcat-9.0.38/ tomcat9
更改启动脚本startup.sh:
#set java environment export JAVA_HOME=/export/servers/jdk export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre export CLASSPATH=.:%{JAVA_HOME}/lib:%{JRE_HOME}/lib export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH #tomcat export TOMCAT_HOME=/export/servers/tomcat9启动Tomcat： ./startup.sh
个人目录
mkdir -p /export/data # 存放一些数据文件 mkdir -p /export/software # 存放安装包 mkdir -p /export/servers # 软件安装目录：jdk、tomcat等 cd /home/username/ # 进入用户个人空间