中秋国庆月,无酒无诗,无相见,为掘友伏乞三愿:
一愿掘友安泰,二愿所思常健,三愿清辉拂照处,岁岁佳宴。
那么问题来了,我是如何渡过这8天呢?
下图展示的就是这8天过的情况(沸点):
达达前端技术社群:囊括前端Vue、JavaScript、数据结构与算法、实战演练、Node全栈一线技术,紧跟业界发展步伐,一个热爱前端的达达程序员。以下写给程序员的英文学习指南,每天看一遍。
名词:用来表示人,事物,地点,时间,事件以及抽象概念等名称的词。
名词的分类:普通名词(可数名词:个体名词,集体名词,不可数名词:物质名词,抽象名词),专有名称。
个体名词:university大学,worker工人,customer顾客,program节目。集体名词:audience听众,crew全体船员,family家庭,plice警察,staff全体员工。物质名词:air空气,water水,coffee咖啡,meat肉,milk牛奶,paper纸,wool羊毛,ink墨水。抽象名词:childhood童年,confidence信心,patience耐心,pride自豪,strength力气,wealth财富。专有名词:Beijing北京,Chinese中国人,Tuesday星期二,April四月。有规则的复数形式
一般在名词后加-s,如kite-kites风筝,dog-dogs狗,pea-peas豌豆。以-s,-sh,-ch,-x 等结尾的名词加-es:bus-buses公交车,class-classes班级。以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词(多数情况下)加-es/以元音字母+o结尾的名词一般加-s:potato-potatoes土豆,tomato-tomatoes西红柿,radio-radios收音机,zoo-zoos动物园,photo-photos照片,kilo-kilos公斤,cargo-cargos,cargoes货物,motto-mottos,mottes箴言,zero-zeros,zeroes零,mosquito-mosquitos,mosquitoes蚊子。以-f或-fe结尾的名词大多数把f或fe改为v再加-es:knife-knives刀子,leaf-leaves树叶,life-lives生命,roof-roofs屋顶,cliff-cliffs悬崖,belief-beliefs信仰,scarf-scarfs,scarves围巾。以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i再加-es以元音字母+y结尾的词或以y结尾的专有名词变复数时直接加-s:baby-babies婴儿,city-cities城市,factory-factories工厂,study-studies书房;day-days日子,boy-boys男孩儿,toy-toys玩具。不规则复数形式
单复数同形,deer-deer, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese变元音字母,man-men, woman-women, Englishman-Englishmen, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, German-Germans其他,child-children, phenomenon-phenomena's所有格
一般情况下在名词词尾加's:James's study詹姆斯的书房,John's sister约翰的姐姐以-s或-es结尾的复数名词,直接在其后加"'":my parents's hometown我父母的故乡不以-s结尾的复数名词,直接在其后加's:the children's books孩子们的书复合名词在词尾加's:somebody else's umbrella别人的雨伞特殊形式
neza's and dada's parents 哪吒的父母和达达的父母neza and dada's parents 哪吒和达达的父母of所有格
一般来说,无生命的名词常用of所有格of所有格有时也用于表示人和其他有生命的名词地名,交通工具名以及与人的活动有关的无生命名词可用of所有格,也可用's所有格 The windows of the house face the sea. That's the opinion of dada, not mine. the girl's name / the name of the girl冠词是虚词,是名词的一种标志。a, an称为不定冠词,the称为定冠词。
不定冠词的用法
I have a beautiful backpack. My mother is a worker. A comrade is waiting for you outside. a third Take the medicine twice a day. It's a wonderful coffee. She is a disappointment to us. a lot, a pair of, a glass of, have a good time, in a hurry, as a matter of fact, take a walk, at a time, a little, a few定冠词的用法
The book in the desk is mine. I saw a film last night. The film ended at 10p.m. How do you like the film? The earth turns round the sun. He is the first one to come. The city lies in the west of the country. She is the most careful girl in class. The Whites are kind to me. I can play the piano. The dog is an animal. the Yellow River. The wounded were brought to the hospital. in the morning, on the right, at the age of, at the same time零冠词的用法
We are studying English. Is that her book? Summer is coming. They are teachers. When do you have lunch? Football is very popular all over the world.动词,根据动词的句法功能可以将动词分:限定动词和非限定动词,根据意义可分:状态动词和动作动词。
根据句法功能
限定动词,主动词:及物动词(ask,buy,find,say),不及物动词(arise,fall,die,arrive),连系动词(be, become, get, turn, look, seem, sound, feel, taste, smell, appear),助动词:(be, do, have, shall, will),情态动词:(can, could, may, might, shall, will, should, must)。
非限定动词:to+v,to walk, to talk, to work, to smile;v-ing,talking, walking, working, smiling;v-ed,walked,talked,worked,smiled。
根据词汇意义
状态动词:like, dislike, think, guess状态词;stand, lie, sit仪态词动作动词:sit,stand,work, walk,learn,keep持续性动词,finish,join,leave,come,go,die终止性动词动词有五种基本形式,动词原形,一般现在时第三人称单数,过去式,过去分词,现在分词。
ask, asks, asked, asked, asking study, studies, studied, studied, studying stop stops stopped stopped stopping 一般现在时第三人称单数:一般动词加-s;以/s/f/tf/音素结尾和以字母-o结尾的动词,加-es;以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i加-es work works read reads wash washes watch watches do does apply applies carry carries 现在分词构成:一般情况下直接加-ing;以不发音的-e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing;已重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写这个辅音字母再加ing;少数以-ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing,以-oe,-ee,-ye结尾的动词,直接加-ing。 ask asking, find finding, meet meeting write writing, use using, ride riding put putting, cut cutting, prefer preferring, refer referring lie, die, tie -> lying dying tying see seeing, agree agreeing 规则动词过去式,过去分词的构成:一般情况加-ed;以不发音的-e结尾的动词,加-d;以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed;以重读闭音节结尾,且结尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写这个辅音字母后再加-ed。 ask asked asked like liked carry carried plan plannedneed表示需要必要。做情态动词,仅用于否定句和疑问句。Need I go now? Yes, you must
dare 表示敢,敢于。做情态动词,主要用于疑问句,否定句,和条件从句中,一般不用于肯定句中。Dare he tell them what he knows?
must
表示必须,必要,语气比should, ought to强烈,其否定形式mustn't表示不准,不应该,禁止 Drivers mustn't drive after drinking Must I finish my homework before eight? 表示有把握的推测,意为一定,准是,用于肯定句:He must be watching TV ought to 表示应该,同should ; Humans ought to/should stop polluting nature表示推测,意为想必。He ought to get to France by now shall 用于第一,第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。Shall he go there with us tomorrow用于表示推测,意为可能,应该。He should pass the math exam.why/how+should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外,惊异,意为竟会。Don't ask me.How should I know?动词的被动语态
1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done)You are wanted on the phone. 2.一般过去时(was/were+done)The library was built in 2000. 3.一般将来时(will be + done)They will be invited to your birthday party. 4.现在进行时(am/is/are being + done)The car is being repaired. 5.现在完成时(have/has been + done)如:The work has been finished. 6.过去将来时(would be + done)The worker said that the tree would be planted. 7.过去进行时(was/were being + done)The door was being painted then. 8. 过去完成时(had been + done)He had a good rest after the work had been finished.被动语态的基本用法
当强调动作的承受者,将承受者作为谈话的中心时用被动语态。 This book was written by Lu Xun. 当没有必要说出动作的执行者或根本不知道动作的执行者是谁时常用被动语态。 All the work has been finished by now. 当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时常用被动语态。 The window glass was broken by a stone.4.有时出于礼貌,不便提到动作的执行之,可用被动语态。
Enough has been done for you, but you've made little progress.3.做宾语补足语和主语补足语:
see,hear,look at,watch,notice,observe,feel I heard she open the door. get sb to do sth, leave sb to do sth 通常要加to,只有have,let,make等跟不带to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。 You don't have to make Paul learn. He always works hard. He was often heard to read Enghlish. 做表语: 不定式可放在be动词或其他连系动词后面,做表语。 The only thing to do is write to him. 做定语: 1.表示将来的动作:I have many letters to type. 2.与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词:Please give me some books to read. 3.In English study, we still have a long way to go. 做目的状语: To succeed, you must first of all believe in yourself. 做结果状语: so... as to... such... as to... enough...to... only to ... too ... to... The child is old enough to dress himself. 做原因状语: I'm sorry to hear that. 不定式的主动形式和被动形式 The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 不带to的不定式的几种情况 Why not go out for a walk? She helped her mother to prepare for supper. Last night I did nothing but watch TV. Since she is angry, we had better leave her alone.现在分词和动名词的时态和语态
I found him lying on the ground. Jack denied having broken the cup. The bird missed being caught.with+复合宾语
with + 名词/代词 + 形容词 with + 名词/代词 + 副词 with + 名词/代词 + 现在分词 with + 名词/代词 + 不定式 with + 名词/代词 + 过去分词 with + 名词/代词 + 介词短语 with + 名词/代词 + 名词 He just sat there with his mouth open. He fell asleep with the light still on. With so many people watching, she felt at a loss. With nothing to do, he slept the whole day. He stood for an instant with his hand raised. The old man walked with a stick in his hand. He died with his daughter yet a school girl. 1.marry结婚,在表达get/be+married(与。。。结婚)这个意义时介词要用to,不用with 2.表示和...相同时,英语不用with,而用as,表示...和...不同时,用from。 A is the same as B. A is different from B. 3.表示在。。。帮助下,英语用with,不用under。 with the help of the teacher. 4.表示在广播,电视,电话里时,英语用on the radio/on TV/on the telephone 5.表示孔,洞,窗户在墙上时,英语用in表示,但表示图像等在墙上时,用on表示。He made holes in the wall.介词与动词的常用搭配
v + to adjust to 适应 attend to 处理 agree to 赞同 belong to 属于 come to 达到 drink to 为...干杯 lead to 通向 occur to 想起 v + at call at 访问某地 laugh at 嘲笑 shoot at 朝。。。射击 arrive at 到达 wonder at 对...感到吃惊 v + in believe in 信任 bring in 引进 hand in 上交 break in 闯入 fill in 填充 involve in 涉及 v + from come from 来自 date from 始于 die from 死于 escape from 逃出 result from 起因于 suffer from 受苦 v + for account for 说明;解释 stand for 象征 care for 在意 apply for 申请 long for 盼望 search for 搜寻形容词,副词比较等级的用法
表示A超过B A+谓语+形容词比较级+than+BA+谓语+副词比较级+than+B I'm older than her. 表示A不及B A+谓语的否定式+形容词/副词比较级+than+BA+谓语+less+形容词/副词原级+than+BA+谓语的否定式+so(as)+形容词/副词原级+as+B He doesn't run faster than his sister. 表示A和B程度相同 A+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B He runs as fast as I 其他比较语句: the+比较级...the+比较级比较级+and+比较级(越来越...)the+比较级+of the two+特殊疑问句+be+形容词比较级,A or B特殊疑问句+实义动词+副词比较级,A or B The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. As summer is coming, the day is becoming longer and longer. The taller of the two girls is my sister. Which is more difficult, Lesson One or Lesson Three? Who runs faster, da or dada? 倍数比较级的几种句式 A + 谓语 + 倍数 + the sizeA + 谓语 + 倍数 + as big as BA + 谓语 + 倍数 + 比较级 + than + B The new teaching building is twice the size of the old one.比较等级的常见修饰语
1. 修饰原级: fairly, quite, rather, so, very, too 等。I am very lucky. 2. 修饰比较等级:much,even,far,rather,still,any,no,a bit, a little, a great deal, a lot, by far等 3. 修饰最高级:by far, almost, 序数词等。Tom works by far the best in his factory.表示最高级意义的几种常见结构
the+最高级+of/among/in This is the oldest theatre in China. be one of/among + the + 最高级 + 复数名词 Beijing is among the greatest cities in the world. 比较级+than+any other+名词 Tom is taller than any other student in his class. 比较级+than+(any of)+the other+名词(复数) DA works harder than (any of) the other students in his class. 比较级+than+all other+名词 John does better than all other boys here. 比较级+than+anyone+else He is more interested in English than anyone else in his class. 比较级+than(+any of)+the others She is younger than the others. 在含有never,nobody或no的句子中使用“不定冠词+比较级” I have never seen a better film.such… that… 的用法:
such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that…such+形容词+可数名词复数+that…such+形容词+不可数名词+that… 让步状语从句 让步状语从句可置于句首,句中,句尾though/although 方式状语从句 引导句:as, as if, as though:When at Rome, do as the Romans doLook at the clouds in the sky and it looks as if/as though it is going to rainHe speaks English as if he were an Englishman连接词:主语从句里的连接词都可用于表语从句
主语+be+that/wh-从句主语+连系动词+that/as ifimpact 影响 kidney 肾 juvenile 青少年 diabetes 糖尿病 donor 捐赠者 decline 下降
The chorus was singing The Ode to Joy.合唱队在演唱《欢乐颂》。
Customers and the public should be aware of that problem 客户和公众应该意识到这一问题。
The saint had a lowly heart. 圣人有谦诚之心。 lowly 地位低的,不重要的,无足轻重的。
He came in search of wealth, status, and power. 他来寻找财富,名望和权力。 status威望,地位。
in chorus 一起;一齐;同时。Thank you, they said in chorous
blushing and gazing 为现在分词作伴随状语。
The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking happily 孩子们跑进屋,边笑边说,很是快乐。
blush脸红 to blush with embarrassment 尴尬得面颊绯红 gaze 注视,盯着
She gazed at him in amazement 她惊异地注视着他。
grin 露齿笑,咧嘴笑 He always had this grin 他总是这样咧嘴笑。
He started to applaud and the others joined in. 他开始鼓掌,其他人也跟着鼓起掌来。
loudly 大声地:She screamed as loudly as she could她声嘶力竭地尖叫着。
applause 鼓掌,喝彩 Give her a big round of applause! 为她热烈鼓掌!
a series of 一系列:The incident caused a whole series of events that nobody had expected 那一事件引发出一连串谁都没有料到的事。
accompany 伴随,与。。。同时发生 He stepped up the stage accompanied by enthusiastic applause. 伴随着热烈的掌声,他走向了舞台。
His wife accompanied him on the trip 那次旅行他由妻子陪同
The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister 女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。
一种… 的感觉 a sence of 一种…的感觉
Colors like red convey a sense of energy and strength 红色之类的颜色可以给人充满活力和力量的感觉。
Much to her embarrassment she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌,感到很不好意思。
I didn't want to embarrass him by kissing him in front of his friends我并没想当着他的朋友吻他会使他感到难堪。
He felt embarrassed at being the center of attention 他因自己成为众人瞩目的中心而感到很尴尬。
embarrassing令人尴尬的。an embarrassing situation令人难堪的处境
不可避免地,必然地:inevitably :新闻界照例又夸大了这件事Inevitably,the press exaggerated the story
那是这个决定的必然后果。It was an inevitable consequence of the decision
善意的,好心的,well-meaning 他是一个很善良的领导者He is a well-meaning leader
特别的事情:occasion 要把每一顿饭都弄得特别一些。Turn every meal into a special occasion
He was nominated for the best actor award 他获得最佳演员奖提名。
on this occasion这次 I enjoy an occasional glass of wine.我喜欢偶尔喝一杯红酒。
She was awarded the prize for both films 她的脸部电影双双获奖。
ambivalence矛盾情绪,很多人以矛盾的态度对待电视及其对生活的影响。Many people feel some ambivalence towards television and its effect on our lives.
矛盾情绪的ambivalent , 她似乎对新工作喜忧参半。She seems to feel ambivalent about her new job.
symbolize象征He came to symbolize his country's struggle for independence他逐渐成为祖国为争取独立而斗争的象征。
symbol象征:White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures在西方文化中,白色一向象征纯洁。
symbolic象征性的:The dove is symbolic of peace鸽子是和平的象征。
triumph打败,战胜,成功:France triumphed 3-0 in the final
die of死于… die from 死于… It is a race against time to stop people dying from starvation为抢救那些即将饿死的人而分秒必争。
She appeared to be in her late thirties看样子她快四十岁了。
We appear to be a good couple, but actually we are not我们看上去似乎是不错的一对,但事实上却不是。She appears sick她好像病了。
好了各位,以上就是这篇文章的全部内容,能看到这里的人都是人才。我后面会不断更新技术相关的文章,如果觉得文章对你有用,欢迎给个“赞”,也欢迎分享,感谢大家 !!
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