MySQL的简单使用 手把手教学

    科技2026-09-22  22

    MySQL的使用

    1.登陆数据库

    打开terminal

    在终端根文件目录下输入/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

    接着输入管理员密码

    2.显示所有的数据库

    输入:

    mysql> SHOW DATABASES;

    (不要忘记加 ‘ ; ’ ,在mysql中分号为一句语句的结束)

    显示结果:

    +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | studb | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.06 sec)

    3.使用数据库

    在上面的显示的数据库中,使用studb数据库,输入:

    mysql> USE studb;

    若没有创建过数据库,则可以使用以下命令来创建数据库:

    mysql> CREATE DATABASE studb;

    4.展示数据库中所有的表

    输入:

    mysql> SHOW TABLES;

    显示结果:

    +-----------------+ | Tables_in_studb | +-----------------+ | student | +-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    可以看到数据库有一张表,若没有创建表,则可以使用下面的命令创建:

    mysql> CREATE TABLE student( -> stu_id INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, -> stu_name CHAR(25) NOT NULL, -> stu_email CHAR(25) NULL, -> stu_address CHAR(50) NULL);

    5.打印表的结构

    输入:

    mysql> DESC student;

    显示结果:

    +-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | stu_id | int | NO | PRI | NULL | | | stu_name | char(25) | NO | | NULL | | | stu_email | char(25) | YES | | NULL | | | stu_address | char(50) | YES | | NULL | | +-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    6.向表中插入数据

    输入:

    mysql> INSERT INTO student( -> stu_id, -> stu_name, -> stu_email, -> stu_address) -> VALUES( -> 2020100116, -> '张三', -> 'zhangsan@163.com', -> 'beijin');

    7.查看表中数据

    输入:

    mysql> SELECT * -> FROM student;

    显示结果:

    +------------+----------+------------------+-------------+ | stu_id | stu_name | stu_email | stu_address | +------------+----------+------------------+-------------+ | 2020100116 | 张三 | zhangsan@163.com | beijin | +------------+----------+------------------+-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    8.修改表中的数据

    输入:

    mysql> UPDATE student -> SET stu_email = 'nbplus@qq.com' -> WHERE stu_id = 2020100116;

    更新成功后,查看更新结果:

    mysql> SELECT stu_id, stu_name, stu_email -> FROM student -> WHERE stu_id = 2020100116;

    显示结果:

    +------------+----------+---------------+ | stu_id | stu_name | stu_email | +------------+----------+---------------+ | 2020100116 | 张三 | nbplus@qq.com | +------------+----------+---------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    9.删除表中的数据

    输入:

    mysql> DELETE FROM student WHERE stu_id = 2020100116;
    Processed: 0.013, SQL: 9