小猪住房

小猪住房

The effects of the 2008 US housing market crash are still rippling through the real economy. Many in Generation X and Millennials saw their accumulated equity vanish. Those close to or in retirement witnessed one of their most trusted assets, their property, fall off a precipice. Across all age groups, people suffered financial difficulties. Those were able to afford a new property or retain owned assets saw substantial gains in the last decade, not only recovering to pre-crash highs but in some areas doubling or even tripling in value. Meanwhile, a perfect storm of debt, a dwindling number early career jobs that pay a livable wage, and increases to costs of living have changed the homeownership prospects for many. A recent analysis found a 52% majority of 18–29 year olds are living with their parents, which may be partially attributed to confluence of higher education being remote, the continued rise of remote work, and large layoffs across different industries. In this article, I will demonstrate how the percentage of owner occupancy and renting has changed between 2010–2018 in different age groups and generational categories. The data is publicly available from the American Community Survey. All scripts and the data used is available on the project GitHub. This project is a follow up to my previous conjectures about aging in place.

2008年美国房地产市场崩盘的影响仍在实体经济中荡漾。 X世代和千禧一代中的许多人看到了他们的累积权益消失了。 那些接近或退休的人见证了他们最可信赖的资产之一，即财产，从悬崖上掉下来。 在所有年龄段中，人们都遇到了经济困难。 那些能够负担得起新财产或保留自有资产的人在过去十年中取得了可观的收益，不仅恢复到了崩溃前的高位，而且在某些地区其价值翻了一番甚至三倍。 同时，一场完美的债务风暴，付给宜居工资的早期职业工作减少，以及生活成本的增加，改变了许多人的房屋所有权前景。 最近的一项分析发现，年龄在18-29岁之间的年轻人中有52％与父母同住 ，这可能部分归因于偏远地区的高等教育融合，偏远工作的持续兴起以及不同行业的大量裁员。 在本文中，我将说明在2010-2018年之间，不同年龄段和年龄段的业主入住率和租金百分比如何变化。 该数据可从《 美国社区调查》中公开获得。 所有脚本和使用的数据都可以在项目GitHub上获得 。 这个项目是我以前关于老化的猜想的后续。

数据 (The Data)

The original data is a compilation of percentage values across time of owner occupancy and renting separated by age demographics. In this study, we explore the change of percentages over time as well as the change by generational category. The four generational categories are Silent Generation, Boomer, Generation X, and Millennials.

原始数据是按年龄人口统计数据划分的业主占用和租赁时间百分比值的汇总。 在这项研究中，我们探索了百分比随时间的变化以及世代类别的变化。 四个世代类别是无声世代，潮一代，十世代和千禧世代。

The split of age groups into generation categories. Image by author. 将年龄段分为几代。 图片由作者提供。

动画 (The Animation)

To create the animation the package celluloid was deployed to record multiple seaborn plots. Celluloid can be installed in Python using pip.

为了创建动画，部署了赛璐 package包来记录多个海上情节。 赛璐璐可以使用pip在Python中安装。

pip install celluloid

In simple terms, we take a picture of each graph generated during a for loop. After our loop we stitch together these images into a video or gif.

简单来说，我们为在for循环期间生成的每个图拍照。 循环后，我们将这些图像拼接成视频或gif。

## Open the camera lensfig = plt.figure()camera = Camera(fig)## Start the photoshootfor i in range(9): ## Build graphs here ... ## Take the shot camera.snap()## Make the movieanimation = camera.animate(interval=500)animation.save('animation_housing.gif', writer = 'pillow')

结果 (The Results)

The output of the animation program. Animation by author. 动画程序的输出。 作者动画。

There is a lot to interpret in this graphic. First from 2010 until 2018, the group with the biggest change is 64–74 years old Owner Occupants with an overall increase in percentage of 4.4%. Owner Occupants 45 to 54 years old had the largest decline over the same period with -4.0%. The gains in the Owner Occupants 54 to 64 years old of 1.1% may be a result of owner occupants aging into a new category. All categories below and including 45 to 54 year olds saw a cumulative decrease in percentage in both renting and owner occupancy. Younger people (Under 35 & 34 to 44 years old) are experiencing a slight increase in percent ownership in 2017 and 2018 (+0.3% and +0.2% respectively).

该图中有很多要解释的内容。 首先是从2010年到2018年，变化最大的群体是64-74岁的业主 ，总体百分比增长4.4％。 45至54岁的业主人数下降幅度最大，为-4.0％。 54至64岁的业主中的收入增加了1.1％，这可能是业主将其老化到新类别的结果。 以下所有类别(包括45至54岁的人群)的房租和房主使用率累计下降。 年轻人(35岁以下和34至44岁之间的年轻人)的拥有率在2017年和2018年略有增加(分别为+ 0.3％和+ 0.2％)。

世代变化 (Generational Changes)

How do these numbers play out by generational category?

这些数字如何按代类别显示？

Animation by author. 作者动画。

Members of the Silent Generation and Boomers see an increase in their percent of owner occupancy across the time period at the expense of Generation X and Millennials. The code and additional gifs (Delta by Year) can be found on the GitHub.

沉默的一代和婴儿潮一代的成员看到，随着时间的流逝，他们的所有者入住百分比在增加，而第十代和千禧一代的损失却更大。 可以在GitHub上找到代码和其他gif(按年增量)。

讨论区 (Discussion)

In my prior article, I conjecture that given the current pandemic and economic uncertainty many near or in retirement are choosing to age in place. The expansion in the owner occupancy category for the older generations represents evidence supporting this assertion even before the pandemic. What is surprising in this data is the decrease of Generation X across both renting and owner occupancy percentages. While Millennials are moving into their parents at a record rate, it is unclear where members of Generation X are going in the ownership/rental percentages. My name is Cody Glickman and I can be found on LinkedIn. Be sure to check out some other articles below.

在我以前的文章中 ，我推测鉴于当前的大流行和经济不确定性，许多即将退休或退休的人都选择了老龄化。 上一代的所有者入住类别的扩展代表了甚至在大流行之前都支持这一主张的证据。 该数据令人惊讶的是，X代的租用率和所有者入住率均下降了。 虽然千禧一代以创纪录的速度移居父母，但尚不清楚X世代成员的所有权/租赁百分比在哪里。 我叫Cody Glickman ，可以在LinkedIn上找到。 请务必在下面查看其他一些文章。

翻译自: https://towardsdatascience.com/changing-us-housing-markets-demographics-34d9b0c71cb4

小猪住房

相关资源：微信小程序源码-合集6.rar